Pheromones-Questions & Answers

Q: How do Pheromones work ?

A: Insects are small creatures in a very large world. To find each other over long distances, insects have evolved a chemical communication system called "semiochemicals" (Gr. semion - a mark or signal). these message-bearing chemicals send signals which change the behavior of the insects. For instance, the group of chemicals called pheromones tells individual insects where to find mates, food or harborage. These traps contain the same Pheromones used by the insects. The traps send false messages and lure the insects into the traps. Instead of finding a mate, the insect becomes caught in the glue.

Q: Do Pheromone traps attract insects from outside into the premises ?

A: Not necessarily. In repeated tests conducted by universities, the government and independent companies, they have not been shewn to attract additional insects. In fact, there is good data now to shew that one can control specific populations in local areas with these products.

Q: What is the range of the lure ?

A: The lure's ability to attract insects is usually limited to the building in which it is placed. Traps which are placed outside can draw insects over several acres, but this requires the wind to move the Pheromone plume. In most buildings the air is stagnant and the range of most lures becomes limited. Follow the recommended trap placement and densities.

Q: Will a trap work better if I put 2 lures in it at a time. ?

A: No. Pheromone devices are designed to release the Pheromone at very specific rates. These rates are most attractive to the insects and catch the greatest number of target species. Extra lures in a trap may actually repel insects.

Q: Do lures attract more than one insect species ?

A: With few exceptions, Pheromones are specific to one species of insect. The Stored Product Moth lure attracts several insects within the family: Indian Meal Moth, Almond Moth, Raisin Moth, Mediterranean Flour Moth and Tobacco Moth. Two other lures will attract more than one insect: Warehouse Beetle, which also attracts Khapra Beetle, and Red Flour Beetle which also attracts the Confused Flour Beetle.

Q: How do I know the lure is working ?

A: The best indication that the lure is working is to find insects in the trap. If you see insects flying around the building but not near the trap, try hanging the trap in a different location. Trap performance can be affected by drafts, stagnant air, poor trap placement or extremely high insect populations. Check to make sure the lure is not used up, and be certain the correct lure is being used for the particular insect.

Q: Can 2 different lures be used in the same trap ?

A: At the present time this practice is not recommended. Some lures do inhibit other lures and stop insect catches. However, as our knowledge of insect biology improves, it may become possible in the future.

Q: What is the difference between monitoring and mass trapping ?

A: Originally, Pheromone traps were developed for monitoring pest insects; they are helpful in determining when the insect is present so that the maximum benefit may be derived from the control being applied. They can be used after treatment(s) to determine the effectiveness of the control program(s).

Mass trapping is insect control achieved by distributing a large number of traps in a given area so as to catch a major proportion of the pests. It is most effective with small, discrete populations.

Q: Are lures toxic ?

A: Pheromones are generally recognized as safe. They have extremely low toxicity, high volatility and no residues

Q: How should lures be stored prior to use?

A: Lures should be stored in a cool, dry area - sealed in their original, unopened packages. Whenever possible, the lures should be stored in a refrigerator or freezer for longest possible life.